The history of Hungary begins with the migration of the Magyar tribes, around the year 896. Due to the attacks of the Bulgarians, they moved to the Danube plains and founded the first settlement in Óbuda and on the island of Csepel (where today's Budapest is located). The Magyars have a reputation as relentless warriors and sacked cities from Spain to Italy. In 955, the Magyars were defeated by Otto and their Christianization began. The city of Pest was first mentioned in 1061, and between 1242 and 1244 the Castle of Buda was built by King Béla IV, which began the settlement of the region. Around 1800, Buda had about 24,000 inhabitants, while Pest had about 30,000. In 1873, the 3 cities of Pest, Buda and Obuda merged and the new city, Budapest, reached a population of about 300,000. The late 19th century and early 20th century is a time of prosperity and growth for Budapest, but after the First and Second World Wars, when Hungary chose the side of the Germans, Budapest began to decline and lost much of its glory. However, since the fall of the Iron Curtain, the city has begun to recover and regained its past glory.
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